It's time to add the May data into our 2011 Chevy Volt and 2011 Nissan Leaf fuel consumption summary.
Yeah, I know. Some people don't like my persistent use of the word "fuel" with respect to electricity. Sorry, but it's still the best shorthand there is for stuff you put into a car to make it go -- especially in the case of the Volt, which can be filled up with two kinds.
Above you may also notice that the Volt is plugged in via its 120V home charge cord. That's because the Leaf gets dibs on the 240V charger owing to its utter lack of a range extender, otherwise known as a gasoline back-up engine. If the Volt's battery isn't full, it's no big deal. The same cannot be said of the Leaf.
Once the Leaf is full we swap the Volt onto the 240V charger to make sure it gets topped up, too.
|
2011 Chevrolet Volt |
Best |
Worst |
Average |
|
Electricity (kwh/100 mi) |
20.6 |
52.0 |
33.6 |
|
Electric Range (miles) |
54.6 |
25.8 |
38.8 |
|
Gasoline (mpg) |
39.0 |
27.9 |
33.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2011 Nissan Leaf |
Best |
Worst |
Average |
|
Electricity (kwh/100 mi) |
24.2 |
53.8 |
32.0 |
|
Projected Range (miles) |
104.0 |
65.8 |
85.5 |
|
Observed Range (miles) |
76.7 |
|
|
As always, lower is better for electricity consumption in kWh per 100 miles.
Big changes this month include a new best range for the Volt of 54.6 miles. That's me, and I was able to back it up with 54.3 miles so it's a real thing. The Volt's average electric range therefore rose from 37.5 to 38.8 miles.
The Volt's lifetime electricity consumption improved along with this, falling from 34.8 kWh/100 to 33.6 kWh/100. Gasoline mpg improved from 32.7 mpg to 33.3 mpg.
Yeah, we had more lightfoots in the car this month.
As for the Leaf, nothing much changed. Electricity consumption did rise slightly, from 31.5 kWh/100 to 32.0. There was a recording error for the last charge of the month that should correct itself when June is added in, but there's something else at work, too. We came close to breaking our 76.7 mile single charge observed range, but close doesn't change the chart.
|
2011 Chevrolet Volt |
Best |
Worst |
Average |
EPA |
|
Electricity (kWh/100 mi) |
20.6 |
52.0 |
33.6 |
36 |
|
Electric Range (miles) |
54.6 |
25.8 |
38.8 |
35 |
|
Gasoline (mpg) |
39.0 |
27.9 |
33.3 |
37 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2011 Nissan Leaf |
Best |
Worst |
Average |
EPA |
|
Electricity (kWh/100 mi) |
24.2 |
53.8 |
32.0 |
34 |
|
Projected Range (miles) |
104.0 |
65.8 |
85.5 |
73 |
|
Observed Range (miles) |
76.7 |
|
|
The lifetime averages of our Leaf and Volt are still beating EPA estimates for electricity consumption and range. The Volt still lags behind the EPA's estimate for gasoline consumption, which is odd because it's the same drivers driving the same car on the same trip.
Maybe not, though. We have heard Jekyll and Hyde stories of folks driving sedately to get a good electric range number to appear on the Volt's screen, after which they try to make up for lost time once the gas engine comes on.
|
2011 Chevrolet Volt |
Mar |
Apr |
May |
Overall |
|
Utility Factor (% EV miles) |
58% |
20% |
52% |
42% |
|
Apparent MPG (ignore electricity) |
80.2 |
39.1 |
76.2 |
57.3 |
|
Cost per mile (US avg prices) |
7.0¢ |
11.7¢ |
7.0¢ |
8.3¢ |
|
(Cal. avg prices) |
8.0¢ |
12.6¢ |
7.8¢ |
9.3¢ |
|
(at my house) |
11.0¢ |
13.7¢ |
10.2¢ |
11.5¢ |
May saw the Volt rebound from its trip to San Francisco as its Utility Factor rose from 20% to 52% as it spent more time on electricity this month. This nudged its lifetime UF from 40% up to 42%, but as every baseball hitter knows it takes awhile to raise your average after a slump.
Apparent MPG was 39.1 mpg in April and 76.2 mpg in May, a turn of events that bumped the lifetime average up from 54.5 to 57.3 mpg.
Take the Volt on very many long trips and the average gasoline cost-per-mile and apparent mpg will reflect it for a long time thereafter. With only one out of town trip under its belt, our overall cost-per-mile dropped from 8.6 to just 8.3 cents even though this month's cost was 7.0 cents on its own.
|
2011 Nissan Leaf |
Mar |
Apr |
May |
Overall |
|
Utility Factor (% EV miles) |
100% |
|||
|
Apparent MPG (ignore electricity) |
Infinity (zero gas used) |
|||
|
Cost per mile (US avg prices) |
3.5¢ |
3.2¢ |
3.8¢ |
3.5¢ |
|
(Cal. avg prices) |
4.5¢ |
4.6¢ |
5.0 ¢ |
4.7¢ |
|
(at my house) |
9.8¢ |
9.0¢ |
10.5¢ |
9.8¢ |
Average electricity prices stayed about the same this month, but the Leaf did use a bit more juice per mile. We're starting to suspect that plugging in every day isn't desirable if the last person drove it a very short distance, say 4 or 5 miles. It seems that recharging in these circumstances is rather inefficient for reasons we can't yet explain. Of course anyone who ventures less than a few miles from the office is doomed to heavy west-side traffic, so it may also be the driving pattern. We're going to try and disentangle these factors.
Even so, the Leaf equaled the EPA consumption rating of 34 kWh/100 miles for the month.
|
Popular hybrids, for reference |
Mar |
Apr |
May |
Overall |
|
2011 Toyota Prius (US avg prices) |
7.4¢ |
8.0¢ |
7.5¢ |
7.1¢ |
|
(Cal. avg prices) |
8.2¢ |
8.5¢ |
8.0¢ |
7.7¢ |
|
2011 Fusion Hybrid (US avg prices) |
9.5¢ |
10.2¢ |
9.7¢ |
9.1¢ |
|
(Cal. avg prices) |
10.5¢ |
11.0¢ |
10.2¢ |
9.9¢ |
National average gas prices fell slightly at the end of the month, improving the cost-per-mile projections of the traditional hybrids we're following for comparison.
Dan Edmunds, Director of Vehicle Testing

powell_jr says:
09:47 AM, 06/ 6/11
You may want to fix the "espicailly" in the second paragraph...
ed124c says:
10:03 AM, 06/ 6/11
Forgetting the Leaf, which is not suitable for most people, and looking only at cost per mile, here is my take:
The only real automobile above is the Fusion, and its 9.1 cents per mile is not far below the Volt's 8.3 cents per mile. Fusion hybrids can be had for under 30K, and that would be my choice if I HAD to buy an alternative fuel car.
blueguydotcom says:
10:29 AM, 06/ 6/11
Why isn't the leaf sustainable? For most americans with a round trip commute of less than 20 miles, the Leaf works.
What's wrong with the Prius? It's got a ton of interior space and a big trunk. Yes it drives horribly but Americans simply don't care about that. All things considered, the Prius is still the hybrid to beat.
Prius v. Fusion:
Trunk: 21/11
Max Cargo: 39:11
Interior Vol: 115:111
Prius is cheaper, has more space, a bigger boot and gets better mileage. What makes the Fusion a real automobile?
firstwagon says:
10:38 AM, 06/ 6/11
I don't think the Prius drives horribly. Sure it's not sporty or fun but IMHO it's no worse then the Camry or Corolla.
If you think of cars as just transportation (and millions do) then the Prius is the clear winner.
If the price comes down and the range goes up then the Leaf will move ahead.
The Fusion is a nice car but the mileage isn't good enough to justify the extra cost of the already decent regular Fusion.
throwback says:
10:39 AM, 06/ 6/11
"Some people don't like my persistent use of the word "fuel" with respect to electricity."
Dont worry Dan, it wouldn't be IL if we didn't have something to complain about.
I appreciate your effort in disecting these 2 cars. What is very obvious to me is the Leaf costs less per mile to operate. I would definitely consider a pure EV as a commuter, I just need more real world miles, as opposed to EPA miles. When the Leaf or Focus EV or some other affordable car can get a true 150 miles minimum in Winter, I will buy. Until then, early adopters, please keep buying.
Thank you.
bodyblue says:
10:42 AM, 06/ 6/11
My wife owns a Prius and it has been wonderful....reliable and thrifty. A Fusion or a MKZ hybrid is just simply a nicer car all the way around. It is not as practical for sure but it drives nicer and is a lot nicer inside. I also like the Lexus CT hybrid a lot.
"All things considered, the Prius is still the hybrid to beat. "
For the price. For an upscale hybrid the Ford or Lincon or CT make more sense than the Volt which has such a small back seat. (At least cost wise)
louiswei says:
11:08 AM, 06/ 6/11
"The only real automobile above is the Fusion"
Really?
Seriously?
Is there a scientific definition for "real automobile" or it's based your CD (Colonoscopic Definition)?
1487 says:
11:53 AM, 06/ 6/11
they both are performing as advertised so it seems the EPA ratings were pretty accurate. The EPA's ratings of electric range seem better than their mileage ratings for normal cars.
zoolander1 says:
02:31 PM, 06/ 6/11
I finally got a chance to see the Volt in real life. I think it looks pretty nice. It's wide, it's low and well proportioned. I must admit that I haven't driven any hybrid or electric car but so far, the Volt has my vote... just based on total perception. The Fusion is a cool option as well. I find most Toyota/Lexus products unattractive and the Prius is probably their most visually unappealing vehicle.
fushigi says:
02:54 PM, 06/ 6/11
"Some people don't like my persistent use of the word "fuel" with respect to electricity."
Said people don't know what they're talking about. Fuel is an energy source. Nothing more; nothing less.
mfennell says:
08:51 AM, 06/ 7/11
"We have heard Jekyll and Hyde stories of folks driving sedately to get a good electric range number to appear on the Volt's screen, after which they try to make up for lost time once the gas engine comes on."
While that may be true for some, the EPA EV numbers are simply pessimistic, at least in the case of the Volt. The EPA applies the exact same "fudge factor" to EV miles that they use for the gasoline tests and it's just not appropriate. My EV miles crush the EPA estimate but my gasoline MPG (when I take care to drive the same) merely matches it.
They've made a decent attempt but the EPA needs to do something to accomodate HVAC use, which they ignore. Heat is free in a gas-powered car but kills you in EV mode. AC isn't quite as bad, maybe 1/4-1/3 the impact of heat in my non-scientific observations.
@fushigi: "Said people don't know what they're talking about. Fuel is an energy source. Nothing more; nothing less. "
No. "Fuel" is, a *material* used to produce heat or power, which is not the same thing. Fuel powers the electric plants but electricity is not "fuel".
@throwback: "What is very obvious to me is the Leaf costs less per mile to operate."
Operated as an EV, the Volt is a few percent more expensive to operate per mile. The Edmunds numbers are skewed by a number of long trips using gasoline, which the Leaf could not do.
I've driven 2700 miles w/o buying gasoline for my Volt. In NJ (0.17/kWh), it works out to something like 6 cents/mile overall. At .11 (national average), I'd be under 4 cents/mile. (Cue: "it's still more expensive OVERALL, blah blah blah." Yeah, I get it. I just like the car and find the numbers interesting.)
fushigi says:
05:02 PM, 06/ 7/11
@mfennell - From dictionary.com: "an energy source for engines, power plants, or reactors"
There's nothing in there that it must be material. Other sites do state material as part of the definition, though, so opinions vary.
We can agree to disagree, but my interpretation is that electricity is a fuel. It is a derived fuel that's created by consuming other fuel. Gas, though, is a (refined) derived fuel that's created by processing dead animals with heat & pressure for a few million years.
mfennell says:
07:25 AM, 06/ 9/11
That's the 3rd definition. The 1st says "combustible matter". :)
Dan can obviously say "fuel" if he wants to. "Energy" would be more semantically correct IMHO.
volt_1 says:
09:27 PM, 06/13/11
In the picture, I recommend using the L2 charger since it's sittle there idle instead of plugging in your own L1 charger.
fattmerris says:
03:06 PM, 07/15/11
How about the June update?
fattmerris says:
07:49 AM, 07/18/11
I just bought a LEAF 4 weeks ago. I'm an average US family man with a wife and 2 kids. Our other cars are an 06 Ford Freestyle and a 97 Geo Prizm (got the Prizm a few years back with only 8,000 miles on it so it's still in great shape). We've always been a 2 car family. We're keeping the Prizm since my older daughter will be driving in about a year.
I commute 28 miles round trip to work, about 5 miles additional at lunch, and then about 17 miles after work running errands and delivering kids to all their sports. On average I go about 50 miles each day (and that's pretty consistent). Before the LEAF, we drove the Freestyle for most of our running around. Now we drive the LEAF exclusively. I top the battery off to 80% each night (80% is recommended for optimum battery life) and each day I get home with about 45 mile remaining. I average 4.4 miles per kWhr driving the LEAF. That's about a 106 mile range on a full charge. I live in Plano, TX, a suburb of Dallas. My driving is mostly suburban at 35-50mph with a little freeway driving on my commute back and forth to work.
We pay about 2 cents per mile in the LEAF and 18 cents per mile for the Freestyle (assuming 10cents/kwhr electric and $3.50/gal gas) for a savings of about $250 per month. We absolutely love the LEAF and would buy a second if we could afford it and they were available.
fattmerris says:
08:19 AM, 07/18/11
Hers's some additional real world LEAF information. Since owning the LEAF, the daily high temp has been near or above 100 degrees so all of our driving has been with the AC cranked up. The AC in the LEAF works better than both of my other cars more than likely because it's brand new. According to the dash readouts, the AC uses about .5kW of power.
The ability to turn on the AC from my phone is great. I leave work each day and hop into the LEAF with the temp already down to a cool 75 degrees.
The LEAF is not made for a 1 car family unless you never take long road trips. We knew the LEAF would work for our family based on the fact that our 2nd car (Geo Prizm) was never driven more than 100 miles in a given day during the 6 years we've owned it (accept for when we moved it from Minnesota to Texas). We usually take a family road trip about once a year. In those cases, we've always taken the big car. There's no way to get 4 people, all their ski gear, and a 95 pound dog into a small car like a Geo or the LEAF.
Nearly every family I know is a 2 car family with almost identical driving patterns as myself. They have a big family car and a smaller car for commuting. In nearly all cases, the LEAF would work for them. I tell anyone to think about how much the 2nd smaller car is driven and if you never drive it farther that 100 miles on a single trip, then the LEAF will probably work for you. As I said in the previous post, the LEAF has now become our primary car with the bigger car used for the trips to Home Depot (don't want to load top soil and mulch into the new LEAF), or for our once a year family road trip.